How to install MongoDB on Ubuntu 20.04

MongoDB is one of the most popular document-based database systems and can be installed under the LTS-Ubuntu version 20.04 in just a few steps. You perform the entire in­stal­la­tion via the terminal.

To install MongoDB on your Ubuntu system, you just need a basic knowledge of the most important Linux terminal commands and, of course, Ubuntu as an operating system. Note that the current version of Ubuntu, i.e. version 22.04, does not yet have official MongoDB support (as of Fall 2022). Therefore, you should use Ubuntu 20.04 to install the NoSQL database man­age­ment system. This Ubuntu version also offers you long-term support. In addition, the in­stal­la­tion of MongoDB only works on 64-bit ar­chi­tec­tures, so make sure to install an ap­pro­pri­ate operating system version in advance.

First, you need to import the MongoDB GPG open key. To do this, first open the terminal. Then type the following command to import the key of the current MongoDB version 6.0:

You will be prompted to enter your password. After you have done so, the import process should normally work without fail. However, it is possible that the GNU Privacy Guard, gnupg for short, hasn’t been installed on your system. In this case you will get an error message. To fix this, install the program with the following terminal command:

Then run the import command again. It should be suc­cess­ful.

In the next step, create the list file ap­pro­pri­ate for your version of Ubuntu. You can also use the terminal for this:

Af­ter­wards, you should have your system reloaded again so that the changes take effect, and the MongoDB repos­i­to­ry is added to your system. This process may take a little time.

Next, install the packages needed for the MongoDB version you want to run. In most cases, it is a good idea to select the current version of MongoDB. The following command is then suf­fi­cient for the in­stal­la­tion:

Want to install a specific version of MongoDB? To do this, you need to manually specify the version number of your choice for each package. For example, if you want to install MongoDB version 6.0.1, the command required for this looks like this:

The in­stal­la­tion process may take a few minutes. This is perfectly normal. Once the in­stal­la­tion process is complete, you have installed the latest version of MongoDB on Ubuntu.

After you have suc­cess­ful­ly installed the NoSQL database, you can start it with a very simple command:

Under certain cir­cum­stances, an error may occur during the initial startup. In this case, first run the following command to reload all con­fig­u­ra­tion files and restart all units of your system:

Now you should be able to start MongoDB easily. For example, to find out if your database startup was suc­cess­ful, you can always check the status with the following terminal command:

Quitting MongoDB is also done with just one terminal command:

Restart­ing the database works similarly:

In both cases, you can use the status command shown earlier to check whether MongoDB is in the state you want after executing a command.

Before starting a Mongosh session, verify that MongoDB is running on the correct port. Port 27017 is des­ig­nat­ed by default. You can display open ports with the following terminal command:

To open the shell of MongoDB, the following code line is will work:

In the MongoDB shell, you can, for example, add new users to your database or add new roles to them. You can also interact with the database. You can find useful tips on this in our MongoDB Tutorial.

You may find when comparing open-source databases that you prefer another DBMS and want to uninstall MongoDB on Ubuntu again. For whatever reason you decide to uninstall, this is done just as quickly as the in­stal­la­tion. Note that when you uninstall MongoDB, all databases and all stored data disappear as well.

Stop MongoDB with the following command:

Uninstall all pre­vi­ous­ly installed packages by running the following terminal command:

In a final step, you need to remove all the databases and all the log files. This is also possible in the terminal: