This five-phase model of the DMAIC process can be modified for use with new processes as well. Replace the “Improve” phase with an “Engineer” phase in which the results from the analysis are used to establish a new workflow.
In a Six Sigma improvement project, employees take on different roles. Since one of the main ideas behind the method is that each project member must be clear about what their tasks are, a hierarchy is defined to categorize different roles and their responsibilities.
The terminology for the roles is based on the belts used in Asian martial arts: Yellow Belt, Green Belt, Black Belt, Master Black Belt and Champion. Managers and employees can obtain a certification for each Six Sigma belt.
Yellow Belt: The Yellow Belt is the entry-level certification and provides an overview of the basics of Six Sigma. Employees with the Yellow Belt certification may assist in projects. This is usually for specialists or managers who want to acquire additional certifications in the future.
Green Belt: Those who have completed the Green Belt certification have advanced methodological knowledge and are able to manage their own responsibilities in a Six Sigma project.
Black Belt: Those with Black Belt certification can lead complex Six Sigma projects and have the advanced technical expertise and social skills required to implement large-scale changes to processes. They contribute greatly to the success of a project and work to motivate managers at the lower-ranking belt levels.
Master Black Belt: Those with Master Black Belt certification are responsible for the process, as agreed upon with management, and handle the strategic direction of Six Sigma within the organization. They are in charge of managing employee qualifications and define the Six Sigma standards for the company.
Champion: Champions (also referred to as sponsors) come from middle or upper management and are not involved in the day-to-day business activities involved in the project. They select, start, and monitor projects and support those involved through every phase of the project.